During the dark and cold parts of the year a garden can seem colorless and devoid of life. We may walk through it with eyes to the ground or avoid going out into the Gardens at all. As we approach the new year we are also faced with the traditional time of contemplation of our past year, the structure of our lives and our hopes for the future. It is in this mindset that I think the winter garden is a perfect place to look at the trees around us laid bare while considering our own life paths. During summer trees are filled with leaves and blooms which, while beautiful, obscure the scaffolding and support that hold these massive organisms together. I enjoy spending a few minutes staring at a single tree from a distance, following the branching and imagining how each massive branch was formed when it was only a slender twig. Come along with me.</p> June’s PlantAsia</h2> Begin at the southwest corner of the Dwarf Conifer Collection and look east down the path toward the moon gate in June’s PlantAsia. A Kentucky coffee tree (Gymnocladus dioicus</em>) towers next to the moon gate. This tree has what I would call a “wiggly” growth pattern, weaving back and forth. I love the movement of this tree. Its irregularities are offset by the more precisely growing SKYLINE® thornless honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos</em> f. inermis ‘</em>Skycole’</em>) rising out of PlantAsia just to the left. Stop and spend several moments to stare and tune your eyes to the subtleties of this season’s color and texture, notice how the red hues from the honeylocust contrast with the slate grey of the coffee tree. To the right, see how the soft, feathery, beige-colored dormant Siberian larch (Larix sibirica</em> ‘Conica’), a unique deciduous conifer, plays off the courser textures of the other two trees.</p> Turn around and immediately in front of you to the left of the path is a green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica</em>). Ash trees have opposite branching, which means that two branches emerge at the same point on a stem, on opposite sides of it. You can easily see the forked branching pattern represented all the way from the tiny new growth down to the largest branches. Notice also how this tree’s branches arch downward and then flex up at the tips. This movement is caused by a ballet of opposing forces acting out over time and becoming solidified into the tree’s form as branches thicken. New growth tips arch skyward to receive more light. Over time as new growth becomes old, gravity pulls the increasingly heavy branches downward. The effect is beautiful: A form shaped by time, the tree’s genetic plan and the chaos of environmental factors.</p> South African Plaza</h2> Walk down the steps and into South African Plaza, stopping in the middle of the plaza to look north to the three stately Ohio buckeyes (Aesculus glabra</em>) at the crossroad. Like the ash, these trees also have opposite branching, though you might have to look more closely to see it. I love how these trees flex their upper branches outward, like if you put your arms straight upward and bent your wrists out. Do that now and imagine staying there for the many years that it took for those shapes to form, season by season.</p> Rock Alpine Garden</h2> Walk to the Rock Alpine Garden and down the main path. Immediately upon entering the garden you’ll see a small tree to the left of the path, the curly willow (Salix matsudana</em> ‘Snake’). If the Kentucky coffee tree is a wiggly growth tree, this one is comically so. Its contortions look like a wooden representation of the movements of fire. Smile at the absurdity of this tree. Walk down the main path and look left across the garden and to the weeping birch (Betula pendula</em>). The stark contrast of colors and shapes on this tree are incredible. Bone-white bark against red-hued tips, large stick-straight branches paired with arching, finely textured new growth trailing down toward the ground.</p> Gates Montane Garden </h2> As you leave the Rock Alpine Garden and enter the densely wooded Gates Montane Garden you will see an icon of the Rocky Mountains: the quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides</em>). The branching pattern of an aspen is alternate, meaning one branch emerges at a single point on a stem, and then further on another emerges on the other side of the stem. You can see this easily at the new tip growth, though you will probably struggle to see that pattern lower down into the older growth. The patterns laid down at the tip growth points are quickly muddled as the tree regularly drops lower branches that do not receive enough light. The branch dropping is an adaptation that allows the tree to conserve energy as older branches become more shaded by new growth higher up. Many aspens have no branches off the main trunk at all until fairly high up on the tree. Aspen bark varies in color from creamy white to soft grey and pale green and has characteristic black spots where past limbs have dropped off. Aspen bark quickly heals after being damaged, leaving a black scar behind that contrasts strongly with the white bark.</p> Winter is an excellent time to be quiet and introspective. Much like the trees, the shapes of our lives are laid open during periods of quiet. At this point in the year we can look at where we came from and to where we are going. We must examine the objects, behaviors and emotions that we are clinging to, and like the aspen, decide which we must shed in order to walk forward into spring. Now continue to walk through the Gardens and beyond, with your gaze inward and upward.</p>
At the Gardens we have a large collection of tropical plants that live in the Boettcher Memorial Tropical Conservatory and in our plant collections greenhouses. Much of this collection could suitably be considered houseplants. </p> Houseplants can be as beneficial as they are visually appealing. Growing plants in your home can improve mood, reduce fatigue, lower stress, and increase oxygen and humidity in the air. </p> </picture> </div> </article> A</em>nthurium </em>'Pink Champion' flamingo flower</span></span></span></span></span></p> When choosing plants for your living space, pay attention to the conditions in your home: sun exposure (which changes quite drastically over the course of the year), average temperature of the living space, amount of space you can dedicate to your plants, what pets might be exposed to the plants. </p> Because of the vast array of houseplants available, it is best to grow what will do well in your conditions. Eight hours of direct light is considered full sun. Plants that will be happy with six or more hours of sun include cacti and succulents, croton (Codiaeum variegatum)</em>, Dracaena</em>, palms, cycads, Hibiscus</em> or Strelitzia</em>. Some plants that do well in medium light (three to six hours of sun) are orchids, Pilea</em>, gesneriads, African violet and Begonia</em>. Finally, plants that do well in low light are Spathiphyllum</em>, ferns, Dieffenbachia</em>, ivy, Philodendron, Calathea</em> and Anthurium</em>. </p> </picture> </div> </div> </article> Begonia coccinea</em> 'Pink Shasta' angel wing begonia</p> Now for some general care tips for successfully growing houseplants:</p> In general, don’t overwater – this is (in my opinion) the most important and the hardest thing I ever learned. Roots breathe oxygen and if soil is constantly saturated, roots will rot, and the plant will die. Obviously, some plants need more water than others but a good general schedule for most is saturated for a day or so, two to three days of medium dryness and a day or two on the drier side. It’s okay for plants to begin to wilt so long as they don’t get crispy. </li> For potting and placing your plants, be sure not to overpot them too much, i.e. gradually move them into the next appropriate size. Also be sure to rotate plants that receive light from only one side. </li> From time to time your plants may get bugs on them. It happens to everyone, and the closer you pay attention to your plants the less frequent and extensive the outbreaks will be. I like to remove dead leaves and examine the entire plant for bugs on a regular basis. </li> </ul> </picture> </div> </div> </article> Phalaenopsis </em>hybrid - moth orchid </span></span></span></p> You will get out of houseplants what you put into them. Plants can often be overlooked in the home, but they do need attention and care. If at first, you are not successful, keep trying! I’ve certainly killed my share of plants and will kill more in the future. </p> A version of this blog post and photos first appeared as an article in Life on Capitol Hill, November 2020.</em></p>
From May through October this year, my colleague Ellyse Varone and I scouted, identified and collected seeds from more than 30 populations of 18 different species. We overcame many hurdles—collecting through a pandemic, a late June freeze and early September snowfall, insect and ungulate herbivory, drought and fires—and all while short-handed with limited time and a limited collection area. Despite the many factors that may have held us back, we successfully completed the 30 seed collections required of us for the Seeds of Success program and planned more seed collections for the month of October. </p> Some collections had been planned for months, awaiting inflorescences to flower and flowers to seed. Other collections occurred spur of the moment where we found plants both in flower and in seed and were able to complete a full collection in a few unscheduled hours. We traveled among five Colorado counties: Routt, Larimer, Jackson, Grand and Eagle. Eagle County was experiencing the height of Colorado’s drought this summer and proved the most difficult county to collect in. While there, we encountered impassable roads, sudden dead ends, popped tires and turns too tight to maneuver. </p> However, Eagle County did prove to be plentiful for showy milkweed (Asclepias speciosa</em>). This was one of our simplest collections requiring only 80 seed pods and about 20 minutes of collecting to gather more than 10,000 seeds. Before their pods dehisce (split open), the showy milkweed seeds resemble fish scales. The vegetative parts of the plant bleed a milky white latex when cut or bruised. </p> We arrived at these plants just in time before their seed pods opened and their tufted seeds flew on the wind to populate places far and wide to aid the monarch butterflies’ migration through North and Central America. Yellow owl’s clover (Orthocarpus luteus</em>) proved to be one of our most difficult collections, requiring us to crawl on hands and knees to inspect each 10-centemeter plant to collect more than 1,700 tiny seed pods to reach our goal. </p> We ran into many challenges over the summer and still collected well over 300,000 seeds to be included in the Seeds of Success library of seeds where they will await their turns to revegetate and repopulate native plant communities. In our changing and uncertain world, it is great to know that we have contributed to the success of future restoration projects unbeknownst to us. </p>
